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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 1:05 am
Time: 1:05 am
Results for social control
6 results foundAuthor: Weijters, Gijs Gerard Maria Title: Youth Delinquency in Dutch Cities and Schools: A Multilevel Approach Summary: This study assesses the influence of different social-ecological context on youth delinquency for the Netherlands. Details: Unpublished Dissertation, 2008. 143p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 25, 2010 at: http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/73286/2/73286_youtdeind.pdf Year: 2008 Country: Netherlands URL: http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/bitstream/2066/73286/2/73286_youtdeind.pdf Shelf Number: 120073 Keywords: Juvenile DelinquencyJuvenile OffendersSocial ControlSocial Disorganization |
Author: England, Marcia Rae Title: Citizens on Patrol: Community Policing and the Territorialization of Public Space in Seattle, Washington Summary: This dissertation shows how organizations, including local government and police, and residents within Seattle, Washingtons East Precinct define and police the contours of community, neighborhoods and public space. Under the rubric of public safety, these players create territorial geographies that seek to include only those who fit the narrowly conceived idea of a neighbor. Territoriality is exercised against the social Other in an attempt to build a cohesive community while at the same time excluding those who are seen as different or as non-conformant to acceptable behaviors in the neighborhood. This research provides a framework through which to examine how community policing produces an urban citizen subject and an idea of who belongs in public space. This work also combines discourses of abjection and public space showing how the two are linked together to form a contingent citizenship. Contingent citizenship describes a particular relationship between geography and citizenship. As I frame it, contingent citizenship is a public citizenship where one must conform to a social norm and act in a prescribed, appropriate way in the public sphere or fear repercussions such as incarceration, public humiliation or barring from public parks. This dissertation, through a synthesis of the literatures on abjection, public space and social control, provides an empirical example of how community policing controls, regulates and/or expels those socially constructed as the Other in public space. This dissertation also brings a geographic lens to questions of abjection, public space and social control. This dissertation is a comprehensive survey and analysis of how discourses surrounding public space produce a space that is exclusionary of those who are not conceived as citizens by structures intact within the city. This research shows how not all citizens (in the legal sense) fit the socio-cultural model of citizenship. Such contingent citizens are subject to more surveillance and policing in public space. Additionally, this research contributes to growing literature regarding how abjection plays into representations and understandings of public space. Details: Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky, 2006. 244p. Source: Dissertation. Internet Resource: Accessed on January 22, 2012 at http://archive.uky.edu/handle/10225/313 Year: 2006 Country: United States URL: http://archive.uky.edu/handle/10225/313 Shelf Number: 123728 Keywords: Community Policing (Washington)Public SpaceSocial Control |
Author: Monsbakken, Christian Weisæth Title: Crime and the transition to marriage: The roles of gender and partner's criminal involvement Summary: Several previous studies have argued that marriage leads to a decline in criminal propensity. Most of these studies have focused on men and have given little attention to the characteristics of their partner and events related to changes in offending. In this article, we use Norwegian registry data to study changes in the criminal propensity for all persons who married between 1995 and 2001 (117,882 women and 120,912 men). We link data on individuals to data on their marital partners and obtain information on partners’ criminal histories. We find that the changes in offending rates related to marriage are anticipatory and strongest for men. The changes in offending vary substantially by partner’s criminal history. Details: Oslo, Norway: Research Department, Statistics Norway, 2012. 27p. Source: Discussion Paper No. 678: Internet Resource: Accessed March 14, 2012 at http://www.ssb.no/publikasjoner/DP/pdf/dp678.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Norway URL: http://www.ssb.no/publikasjoner/DP/pdf/dp678.pdf Shelf Number: 124545 Keywords: Crime and Marriage (Norway)GenderSocial Control |
Author: Monsbakken, Christian Weisæth Title: Crime and the transition to parenthood: The role of sex and relationship context Summary: Research on desistance from crime has paid little attention to parenthood as a “turning point”. In this paper, we use Norwegian register data on a population of men and women who had their first child between 1995 and 2001 (131,167 women and 127,415 men). We provide separate estimates for sex and marital status as parenthood has different implications for men and women. Their social and economic situations will also vary by marital status, which is likely to have implications for offending. We describe the changes in offending for this sample year-by-year, comparing subjects before and after child-birth. Overall, we find that the transition to parenthood is characterized by a decrease in criminal activity. There is considerable heterogeneity between women and men. The term “turning point” applies only to men who are not living with the other parent. Details: Oslo, Norway: Research Department, Statistics Norway, 2012. 28p. Source: Discussion Paper No. 673: Internet Resource: Accessed March 14, 2012 at http://www.ssb.no/publikasjoner/DP/pdf/dp673.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Norway URL: http://www.ssb.no/publikasjoner/DP/pdf/dp673.pdf Shelf Number: 124546 Keywords: Parenting and Crime (Norway)Social Control |
Author: Kivivuori, Janne Title: The Robustness of Self-Control as a Predictor of Recidivism Summary: In prior research, we examined the correlates of self-assessed re-offending probability (SARP) in a sample of Finnish short-term prisoners (Kivivuori and Linderborg 2009 and 2010). We observed that multiple variables tapping the social adjustment and social deprivation of the prisoner were associated with SARP. Having few or no siblings, having lived outside nuclear family conditions during childhood, lack of parental supervision during youth, and negative events during adulthood increased the variety of offences the prisoner projected to his post-release future. Negative events were incidents that reflect poverty or the breaking of social ties: being fired from a job, divorce, being evicted from an apartment, need to seek social assistance, need to loan money from friends and relatives, and mental health problems. The research additionally included two measures tapping the dimension of personal self-control. We observed that low self-control and high youth crime involvement were associated with increased SARP. One of the basic goals of the research is to examine social factors and self-control as correlates of SARP, when both are simultaneously controlled in a single model. In this respect, the core finding was that social factors and self-control were both significant correlates of SARP. These findings were based on a cross-sectional survey of short-term prisoners in Finland (Kivivuori & Linderborg 2009 and 2010). The basic structure of the data was cross-sectional, even though the outcome variable was pseudo-longitudinal (offences subjectively projected to post-release future). In reporting the cross-sectional findings, we also anticipated the logical next step, namely, replacing the subjective and cross-sectional outcome variable (SARP) with a genuinely longitudinal outcome variable (Kivivuori & Linderborg 2010, 137). In this research brief, we build on this by using a genuinely longitudinal outcome variable of recorded recidivism (RR) after release from prison. Replacing SARP with RR enabled us to do three things: first, we examined whether the prisoners' estimates concerning their own future behaviour were correct. Second, we assessed whether variables associated with SARP remain robust predictors when their link to RR is investigated. Third, we tentatively assessed whether SARP itself, now conceptualised as prisoner desistance optimism during the prison term, is a predictor of recidivism. Details: Helsinki: National Research Institute of Legal Policy, 2012. 8p. Source: Internet Resource: Research Brief 25/2012: Accessed February 27, 2015 at: http://www.optula.om.fi/material/attachments/optula/julkaisut/verkkokatsauksia-sarja/E9Lo8aUWV/25_research_note.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Finland URL: http://www.optula.om.fi/material/attachments/optula/julkaisut/verkkokatsauksia-sarja/E9Lo8aUWV/25_research_note.pdf Shelf Number: 134729 Keywords: DesistanceRecidivism (Finland)ReoffendingSelf-ControlSocial CapitalSocial Control |
Author: De La Cruz, Jesse S. Title: Mexican American/Chicano Gang Members' Voice on Social Control in the Context of School and Community: A Critical Ethnographic Study in Stockton, California Summary: The purpose of the study was to examine what role social control, in the context of family, school, and community, played in the participants' decision to join gangs in their adolescent years. The study examined the lives of four male ex-gang members over the age of 18, with extensive criminal records and poor academic histories. Participants were chosen from a Stockton reentry facility where ex-offenders were in the process of improving their lives by breaking the chains of street gang involvement, criminality, and incarceration. The findings revealed that social control administered by family, school, law enforcement, and community all played a significant role in shaping each participant's decision to join his prospective gang in adolescence. The researcher found that while the family life of the participants was the prime mover in terms of a nudge toward gang life, school was also a place where they were constantly devalued, in large part because educators did not understand them, and the teachers arrived to their classrooms ill equipped for the realities of teaching in schools located in violence-ridden neighborhoods where the youth suffered morbid and multiple exposure to trauma. In fact, the teachers and law enforcement's inept ways of addressing the participant's maladaptive behaviors - with a propensity for handling all issues with punitive measures - ended up creating incentives for the participants to join a gang. Details: Stanislaus, CA: California State University, Stanislaus, 2014. 282p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed September 7, 2016 at: http://gradworks.umi.com/36/33/3633628.html Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://gradworks.umi.com/36/33/3633628.html Shelf Number: 140221 Keywords: GangsSocial ControlYouth Gangs |